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Acquired Stenosis of Nasolacrimal Duct: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Acquired stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct is a condition where there is a blockage or narrowing of the duct that carries tears from the eyes to the nose. This can result in symptoms such as watering of the eyes, discharge, and increased risk of eye infections. Here are some of the causes, symptoms, and treatments for acquired stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct.

Causes

The most common cause of acquired stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct is aging. As we get older, the duct can become narrowed or blocked due to the accumulation of debris, scar tissue, or other factors. Other causes include trauma to the face, infections, tumors, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes and autoimmune disorders.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of acquired stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct is tearing of the eyes. This occurs because the tears are unable to flow through the duct and instead spill over onto the face. Other symptoms may include discharge from the eyes, redness, pain, and swelling around the eyes. In severe cases, there may be an increased risk of eye infections such as conjunctivitis.

Treatment

The treatment for acquired stenosis of the nasolacrimal duct depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may be treated with warm compresses, massage of the tear duct, and the use of lubricating eye drops. In more severe cases, a procedure called dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) may be needed. This involves creating a new opening between the tear sac and the nose to bypass the blocked duct. In some cases, stents may be placed in the duct to keep it open.

1. Warm compresses: Applying a warm compress to the affected area can help to soften any debris or blockages in the duct and promote tear flow.
2. Massage: Massaging the tear duct can help to clear any blockages and improve tear flow. Your ophthalmologist can show you how to do this correctly.
3. Lubricating eye drops: Using eye drops that lubricate the eyes can help to soothe any irritation and improve tear flow.
4. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR): This is a surgical procedure that creates a new opening between the tear sac and the nose to bypass the blocked duct. It is usually performed under local anesthesia.
5. Stents: In some cases, stents may be placed in the duct to keep it open. These are usually removed after a few months.

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