Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, unspecified incompatibility Save
ICD-10 code: T80.910
Chapter: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes
Understanding Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction and Unspecified Incompatibility
Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR) is a rare but severe complication that can occur after a blood transfusion. It happens when the recipient's immune system attacks the donor red blood cells, leading to their destruction. This can cause various symptoms, including fever, chills, chest pain, breathing difficulties, and even kidney failure.
Several factors can contribute to the development of AHTR, including blood type incompatibility, incorrect labeling of blood products, and errors in blood transfusion procedures. In some cases, the cause of AHTR remains unclear, leading to the diagnosis of unspecified incompatibility.
Unspecified incompatibility means that the specific reason for the immune reaction is unknown. It can happen when there is a rare blood type that has not been fully characterized or when there is a mismatch between the donor and recipient's immune systems.
The diagnosis of AHTR and unspecified incompatibility is usually made based on clinical symptoms and laboratory tests. These may include blood tests to check for hemolysis, imaging tests to assess organ damage, and urine tests to detect kidney problems. Treatment for AHTR and unspecified incompatibility varies depending on the severity of symptoms.
- Mild cases may require only supportive care, such as hydration and pain relief medication.
- More severe cases may require blood transfusions to replace the destroyed red blood cells and prevent further damage.
- In some cases, kidney dialysis may be needed if there is significant kidney damage.
Prevention of AHTR and unspecified incompatibility involves several measures, including thorough screening of blood donors, correct labeling of blood products, and adherence to strict transfusion protocols. Healthcare professionals should also be aware of the signs and symptoms of AHTR and act promptly if they suspect this complication.
In conclusion, acute hemolytic transfusion reaction and unspecified incompatibility are rare but potentially life-threatening complications of blood transfusion. Understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for these conditions is essential for healthcare professionals to provide optimal care to their patients.