Acute Poliomyelitis: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
Acute poliomyelitis, also known as polio, is a viral disease that affects the nervous system and can lead to temporary or permanent paralysis. The virus is transmitted through contaminated food or water, or through contact with an infected person's feces. While most people who contract polio do not experience any symptoms, some may develop flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, and muscle pain. In severe cases, the virus can invade the spinal cord and brain, leading to paralysis.
- Causes: The poliovirus is highly contagious and is spread through contact with infected fecal matter or oral secretions. Polio is most commonly found in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene practices. Individuals who have not been vaccinated or who have weakened immune systems are at a higher risk of contracting the disease.
- Symptoms: Polio can cause a range of symptoms, from mild to severe. Most people who contract the virus do not experience any symptoms at all. However, some may develop flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, and muscle pain. In severe cases, the virus can invade the spinal cord and brain, leading to paralysis.
- Treatment: There is no cure for polio, but there are treatments available to help manage symptoms and prevent complications. Rest, pain relievers, and physical therapy can help alleviate symptoms and improve mobility. In severe cases, individuals may need to use ventilators to help with breathing, or undergo surgery to correct deformities caused by paralysis. Vaccinations are the most effective way to prevent polio, and routine immunization is recommended for all children.
If you suspect that you or someone you know may have polio, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes. With proper care and management, most people who contract polio are able to recover fully and lead normal, healthy lives.