A breakdown of an internal fixation device is a mechanical failure of the metal implants used to hold the broken bones in place during the healing process. This can occur in any bone of the limb, such as the femur, tibia, or humerus, and can be caused by various factors, including overload, corrosion, and fatigue.
One of the main causes of breakdown of internal fixation devices is overload. This occurs when the implants are subjected to forces that exceed their capacity to withstand, such as excessive weight-bearing or repetitive stress. Overload can cause the implants to bend, loosen, or break, leading to a loss of stability and alignment of the broken bones.
Another cause of breakdown is corrosion. Internal fixation devices are typically made of metal, which can corrode when exposed to bodily fluids and tissues. Corrosion can weaken the implants and cause them to fail prematurely, leading to a breakdown of the fixation system and a loss of stability of the broken bones.
Finally, fatigue can also contribute to the breakdown of internal fixation devices. This occurs when the implants are subjected to repetitive cyclic loading, which can cause micro-damage and eventually lead to a fracture of the implants. Fatigue can be exacerbated by poor implant design, improper placement, or inadequate fixation techniques.
The symptoms of a breakdown of internal fixation device may vary depending on the severity and location of the failure. However, common symptoms include pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness at the site of the implant. Patients may also experience a loss of mobility, stiffness, or instability of the affected limb. In severe cases, the broken bones may shift or become displaced, leading to a deformity or a loss of function.
The treatment of a breakdown of internal fixation device depends on the severity and location of the failure. Mild cases may be treated with rest, ice, and pain medication, while more severe cases may require surgical intervention to remove or replace the failed implants. In some cases, bone grafting or other reconstructive procedures may be necessary to restore the stability and alignment of the broken bones.
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