Breakdown (mechanical) of surgically created arteriovenous shunt Save
ICD-10 code: T82.511
Chapter: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes
Understanding the Breakdown of Surgically Created Arteriovenous Shunt
Arteriovenous shunt is a surgical procedure that is commonly performed on patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). This procedure involves connecting an artery to a vein, allowing blood to flow directly from the artery to the vein, bypassing the capillaries. This creates a high-flow access site that can be used for hemodialysis.
However, over time, the surgically created arteriovenous shunt may experience mechanical breakdown, leading to complications such as infection, thrombosis, and bleeding. It is important to understand the causes and symptoms of shunt breakdown to prevent these complications and ensure the longevity of the access site.
Causes of Breakdown
Stenosis: Stenosis refers to the narrowing of the shunt due to the accumulation of scar tissue or clots. This can restrict blood flow, leading to complications such as decreased dialysis efficiency and increased risk of infection.
Thrombosis: Thrombosis occurs when blood clots form within the shunt, obstructing blood flow. This can lead to ischemia, tissue damage, and increased risk of infection.
Infection: Infection can occur when bacteria enter the shunt site, causing inflammation and obstruction of blood flow. This can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening condition.
Bleeding: Bleeding can occur when the shunt site is damaged, either due to trauma or erosion. This can lead to hemorrhage and hypovolemic shock.
Symptoms of Breakdown
It is important to recognize the symptoms of shunt breakdown to prevent complications. The symptoms of shunt breakdown may include:
- Swelling and pain at the shunt site
- Decreased blood flow during dialysis
- Increased pressure within the shunt
- Changes in the color or temperature of the shunt site
- Bleeding or drainage from the shunt site
Treatment of Breakdown
Treatment for shunt breakdown depends on the underlying cause and severity of the complication. In some cases, the shunt may need to be removed and replaced with a new access site. Other treatments may include angioplasty to widen narrowed areas, thrombectomy to remove blood clots, or antibiotics to treat infection.
Regular monitoring of the shunt site and prompt recognition of symptoms of breakdown can help prevent complications and ensure the