The Importance of Understanding the Calculus of Lower Urinary Tract
Calculus of the lower urinary tract, also known as urinary stones, is a common condition that affects many individuals worldwide. This condition is characterized by the formation of hard, mineralized deposits in the urinary tract, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. If not managed properly, calculus of the lower urinary tract can lead to various complications, including urinary obstruction, infection, and kidney damage.
Therefore, it is essential to understand the calculus of the lower urinary tract, its causes, symptoms, and treatment options, to minimize the risk of complications and ensure optimal urinary health.
Causes of Calculus of Lower Urinary Tract
The formation of urinary stones is primarily attributed to the presence of certain substances in the urine, such as calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine. When the concentration of these substances in the urine exceeds their solubility limit, they can precipitate and form crystals, which can grow and aggregate to form urinary stones.
Other factors that can increase the risk of calculus of the lower urinary tract include dehydration, urinary tract infections, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions such as hyperparathyroidism and gout.
Symptoms of Calculus of Lower Urinary Tract
The symptoms of urinary stones can vary depending on the size, location, and number of stones present. However, some common symptoms include:
- Severe pain in the back, abdomen, or groin
- Blood in the urine
- Difficulty urinating or frequent urination
- Nausea and vomiting
- Fever and chills (if the stone causes an infection)
Treatment Options for Calculus of Lower Urinary Tract
The treatment for urinary stones depends on the size, location, and composition of the stones, as well as the severity of symptoms. In some cases, small stones can pass out of the body naturally through the urinary tract without any intervention.
However, for larger stones or stones that cause severe symptoms, medical intervention may be necessary. Some common treatment options for urinary stones include:
- Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): This procedure uses shock waves to break up the stones into smaller pieces that can pass out of the body through the urine.
- Ureteroscopy: This procedure involves inserting a small scope through the urethra and bladder to reach the stone and remove it.
- Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL):
Diagnosis Codes for Calculus of lower urinary tract | N21