Cluster headaches and other trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TAC) Save

Cluster Headaches and Other Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgias (TAC)

Cluster headaches and other Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalgias (TAC) are a group of rare neurological disorders that cause severe, recurring headaches. These headaches are often described as the most painful headache a person can experience. TACs are characterized by severe pain localized to one side of the head, accompanied by symptoms such as eye watering, nasal congestion, and sweating.

The most common TAC is cluster headache. It gets its name from the pattern of attacks: clusters of headaches that occur over weeks or months, followed by periods of remission. During a cluster period, headaches can occur several times a day, lasting between 15 minutes and three hours. The pain is intense and often described as a burning, stabbing, or drilling sensation.

Other types of TAC include paroxysmal hemicrania, short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks, and hemicrania continua. Each of these disorders has unique symptoms and characteristics, but all are characterized by severe, recurring headaches.

Symptoms of TAC

The symptoms of TAC can vary depending on the type of headache disorder. However, common symptoms include:

1. Severe pain on one side of the head
2. Eye watering and redness
3. Nasal congestion or runny nose
4. Sweating on the forehead or face
5. Drooping eyelid or small pupil on one side
6. Restlessness or agitation during an attack

It is important to note that not all people with TAC experience all of these symptoms. Some people may only experience a few symptoms during an attack.

Treatment for TAC

There is no cure for TAC, but there are treatments available to manage the symptoms. Treatment options may include:

1. Medications, such as triptans, steroids, or indomethacin
2. Oxygen therapy
3. Nerve blocks or other procedures
4. Neuromodulation therapy, such as deep brain stimulation

If you think you may be experiencing TAC, it is important to seek medical attention. A healthcare professional can help diagnose the type of headache disorder and develop a treatment plan to manage the symptoms.

In conclusion, TACs are a group of rare neurological disorders that cause severe, recurring headaches. Treatment options are available to manage the symptoms, but there is no cure. If you think you may