Colostomy Complications: Understanding the Risks and How to Manage Them
A colostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdomen, allowing for waste to pass out of the body. While it can be a life-saving procedure for individuals with certain medical conditions, there are potential complications that can arise. Here are some of the most common colostomy complications and how to manage them.
- Stoma prolapse: This occurs when the stoma, or the opening in the abdomen, protrudes outward. This can cause discomfort and difficulty with attaching the colostomy bag. To manage this, an abdominal binder or support belt may be recommended. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to correct the prolapse.
- Stoma retraction: This occurs when the stoma sinks inward, making it difficult to attach the colostomy bag. This can be caused by weight loss, injury, or other factors. To manage this, a convex ostomy appliance may be recommended. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to adjust the stoma.
- Stoma necrosis: This is a rare but serious complication that can occur when the tissue around the stoma dies. This can be caused by poor blood supply or infection. Symptoms include pain, swelling, and discoloration around the stoma. If you suspect stoma necrosis, seek medical attention immediately.
- Skin irritation: The skin around the stoma can become irritated or damaged due to contact with stool or urine. To manage this, it's important to keep the area clean and dry, and to use a skin barrier cream or spray. If the irritation persists, speak with your healthcare provider about alternative products.
- Bowel obstruction: This occurs when the intestine becomes partially or completely blocked, preventing stool from passing through. Symptoms include abdominal pain, bloating, and nausea. If you suspect a bowel obstruction, seek medical attention immediately.
These are just a few of the potential complications that can arise after a colostomy procedure. It's important to work closely with your healthcare provider to monitor your stoma and manage any issues that arise. With proper care and attention, individuals with a colostomy can lead healthy and fulfilling lives.