Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy [impulsive petit mal] Save

Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy [Impulsive Petit Mal]: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), also known as impulsive petit mal, is a type of epilepsy that usually starts in adolescence and is characterized by myoclonic seizures, which are brief, involuntary muscle jerks that can occur in the arms, legs, or torso. These seizures can occur alone or in combination with other types of seizures, such as absence seizures or generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Here are some of the symptoms of JME:

1. Myoclonic jerks, which may be more frequent in the morning
2. Absence seizures, which are brief lapses in consciousness
3. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which involve convulsions and loss of consciousness
4. Difficulty in concentrating or paying attention
5. Memory problems

The exact cause of JME is not known, but it is believed to be a genetic disorder. Some of the genes that have been implicated in JME include GABRA1, GABRD, and EFHC1. Environmental factors, such as sleep deprivation or alcohol consumption, can also trigger seizures in people with JME.

Treatment for JME usually involves antiepileptic medications, such as valproic acid, lamotrigine, or levetiracetam. These medications can help control seizures in most people with JME. It is important to take the medications as prescribed and to avoid triggers such as sleep deprivation or alcohol consumption.

In conclusion, JME is a type of epilepsy that typically starts in adolescence and is characterized by myoclonic seizures, absence seizures, and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. While the exact cause is unknown, it is believed to be a genetic disorder. Treatment usually involves antiepileptic medications, which can help control seizures in most people with JME.