Malignant hyperthermia due to anesthesia Save
ICD-10 code: T88.3
Chapter: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes
Malignant Hyperthermia Due to Anesthesia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a potentially life-threatening medical emergency that can occur due to anesthesia administration. MH is a rare condition that affects 1 in every 10,000 to 50,000 people. It is a genetic disorder that causes a rapid and dangerous increase in body temperature.
Although MH can occur in any individual, it is most commonly seen in individuals with a family history of the condition. It is also more likely to occur in children and young adults who have undergone general anesthesia. MH can occur during surgery or even hours after the procedure.
The symptoms of MH include muscle rigidity, a rapid heart rate, high fever, and increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. If left untreated, MH can lead to brain damage, organ failure, and even death.
- Causes of Malignant Hyperthermia
- A genetic mutation in the ryanodine receptor gene, which regulates calcium release in the muscles, can cause MH.
- Exposure to certain types of anesthesia, such as inhalational anesthetics and succinylcholine, can trigger MH in susceptible individuals.
- Symptoms of Malignant Hyperthermia
- Muscle rigidity
- Rapid heart rate
- High fever
- Increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood
- Dark urine
- Low blood pressure
- Sweating
- Confusion
- Treatment of Malignant Hyperthermia
- Immediate discontinuation of anesthesia and administration of dantrolene, a muscle relaxant that helps to lower body temperature.
- Cooling measures, such as ice packs and cooling blankets.
- Supportive care, including intravenous fluids and medications to maintain blood pressure and organ function.
If you or a loved one is undergoing surgery, it is important to inform your healthcare provider of any family history of malignant hyperthermia. Your provider can take appropriate precautions and have emergency measures in place in case of an MH episode. Remember, early recognition and treatment of MH can save lives.