Melanocytic nevi of eyelid, including canthus
Melanocytic nevi are common benign skin lesions that arise from the proliferation of pigment-producing cells called melanocytes. These nevi can occur anywhere on the body, including the eyelids and canthus.
The prevalence of eyelid nevi is not well established, but they are thought to be relatively rare. However, because they can be cosmetically concerning and may mimic malignant tumors, it is important to recognize and properly manage them.
- Clinical Presentation: Eyelid nevi typically present as well-circumscribed, pigmented lesions that vary in size and color. They can be flat or elevated, and may have a smooth or verrucous surface. Nevi that involve the canthus may be more difficult to visualize, especially if they are located deep within the tissue.
- Diagnosis: The diagnosis of eyelid nevi is usually made based on clinical examination. However, if there is any doubt about the diagnosis, a biopsy may be recommended. In some cases, imaging studies such as ultrasound or MRI may be used to evaluate the extent of the lesion.
- Treatment: Most eyelid nevi do not require treatment. However, if a nevus is cosmetically concerning or if there is concern about the possibility of malignancy, it may be excised. The excision should be performed by a skilled oculoplastic surgeon to minimize the risk of complications such as eyelid malposition or scarring.
- Prognosis: The prognosis for eyelid nevi is generally excellent. Most nevi are benign and do not recur after excision. However, rare cases of malignant transformation have been reported, so long-term follow-up is recommended.
In summary, melanocytic nevi of the eyelid, including canthus, are relatively rare but can be cosmetically concerning and may mimic malignant tumors. Proper diagnosis and management are important to ensure the best possible outcome for patients.