Other acute disseminated demyelination Save
ICD-10 code: G36
Chapter: Diseases of the nervous system
Understanding Other Acute Disseminated Demyelination
Acute disseminated demyelination (ADD) is a medical condition characterized by the damage of the myelin sheath that covers nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. It is a type of multiple sclerosis (MS) that affects the central nervous system. Other acute disseminated demyelination (OADD) is a rare variant of ADD that affects the white matter of the brain.
OADD is also known as acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) or Hurst's disease. It is a severe and rapidly progressive condition that can cause inflammation and bleeding in the brain. The symptoms of OADD may vary depending on the severity of the disease and the affected areas of the brain.
The common symptoms of OADD include:
- Headache
- Fever
- Seizures
- Weakness or numbness in the limbs
- Difficulty speaking or understanding speech
- Loss of vision or double vision
- Mental confusion or disorientation
- Coma
The exact cause of OADD is not yet known. However, it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath in the brain. OADD can also be triggered by viral infections, such as the flu or chickenpox.
Diagnosis of OADD is based on the patient's medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scan. A lumbar puncture or spinal tap may also be performed to check for signs of inflammation or bleeding in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Treatment of OADD involves the use of high-dose corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and swelling in the brain. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy may also be used to suppress the immune system and prevent further damage to the myelin sheath. In severe cases, plasmapheresis or plasma exchange may be necessary to remove harmful antibodies from the blood.
In conclusion, OADD is a rare and serious form of ADD that can cause inflammation and bleeding in the brain. It is important to seek medical attention immediately if you experience any symptoms of OADD. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage to the brain and improve your chances of recovery.