Toxic effect of chromium and its compounds, accidental (unintentional) Save
ICD-10 code: T56.2X1
Chapter: Injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes
Toxic Effects of Chromium and Its Compounds
Chromium is a naturally occurring element found in rocks, soil, and minerals. It is also widely used in various industrial processes such as plating, welding, and pigment production. While chromium is an essential nutrient for human health, exposure to high levels of chromium and its compounds can have toxic effects on the body.
Accidental or unintentional exposure to chromium and its compounds can occur in various settings, including the workplace and the environment. The toxic effects of chromium and its compounds depend on the form of chromium and the route of exposure.
Forms of Chromium
Chromium can exist in several forms, including:
- Chromium (0) - Metallic chromium
- Chromium (III) - Also known as trivalent chromium, this is the form of chromium found in food and supplements.
- Chromium (VI) - Also known as hexavalent chromium, this is the form of chromium commonly used in industrial processes.
Routes of Exposure
The toxic effects of chromium and its compounds depend on the route of exposure. The three primary routes of exposure are:
- Inhalation - Breathing in chromium and its compounds, usually in the form of dust or fumes.
- Ingestion - Swallowing chromium and its compounds, usually through contaminated food or water.
- Dermal - Absorbing chromium and its compounds through the skin, usually in the form of solutions or dust.
Toxic Effects
The toxic effects of chromium and its compounds can vary depending on the form of chromium and the route of exposure. Some of the common toxic effects of chromium and its compounds include:
- Respiratory problems such as coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath
- Gastrointestinal problems such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
- Skin irritation and rashes
- Eye irritation and damage
- Increased risk of lung cancer
Long-term exposure to high levels of chromium and its compounds can also lead to serious health problems such as kidney damage, liver damage, and reproductive problems.
Conclusion
Accidental or unintentional exposure to chromium and its compounds can have toxic effects on the body. It is important to take precautions to minimize exposure to chromium and its compounds in the workplace and the environment. If you suspect that you have been exposed to high levels of chromium and its compounds, seek medical attention immediately.