Type 2 diabetes mellitus Save

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic medical condition that affects the way your body processes blood sugar (glucose). Glucose is an essential source of energy for your body's cells, and insulin is a hormone that helps your cells use glucose. In type 2 diabetes, your body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't produce enough insulin, causing high blood sugar levels.

Here are some common causes and risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes:

1. Family history of diabetes
2. Obesity or being overweight
3. Lack of physical activity
4. High blood pressure
5. High cholesterol levels
6. Age (over 45 years old)
7. Smoking

Some common symptoms of type 2 diabetes include:

• Increased thirst and hunger
• Frequent urination
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Slow-healing sores or cuts
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet

If left untreated, type 2 diabetes can lead to serious complications such as nerve damage, kidney damage, blindness, and even amputations. However, it can be managed with a healthy lifestyle and medication. Here are some treatment options:

1. Healthy diet: Eating a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains can help manage blood sugar levels.
2. Exercise: Regular physical activity can help lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity.
3. Medication: There are several types of medication available to help control blood sugar levels, including metformin, insulin, and sulfonylureas.
4. Monitoring blood sugar levels: Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels can help identify any changes and adjust treatment as needed.

If you suspect you have type 2 diabetes, it's important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. With proper management, people with type 2 diabetes can live healthy, fulfilling lives.