Central Perforation of Tympanic Membrane, Unspecified Ear: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

A central perforation of the tympanic membrane, also known as the eardrum, refers to a hole or tear in the middle part of the eardrum. This condition can occur in either ear and can lead to various symptoms and complications if left untreated.

Causes:

1. Infections: One of the most common causes of central perforation is a severe middle ear infection, also known as acute otitis media. The infection can weaken the eardrum, leading to a hole or tear.
2. Barotrauma: Rapid changes in air pressure, such as during scuba diving or flying in an airplane, can cause the eardrum to rupture.
3. Trauma: Injury to the ear, such as a direct blow to the ear or insertion of a foreign object, can result in a central perforation.
4. Chronic middle ear infections: Repeated or long-lasting infections can weaken the eardrum over time, increasing the risk of perforation.

Symptoms:

• Ear pain or discomfort
• Decreased hearing or hearing loss
• Drainage of fluid or pus from the ear
• Tinnitus (ringing in the ear)

Diagnosis:

If you suspect a central perforation of the tympanic membrane, it is crucial to consult an ear, nose, and throat specialist, also known as an otolaryngologist. The doctor will perform a thorough examination of your ear using an otoscope, a device that allows them to visualize the eardrum. They may also conduct a hearing test to assess the extent of hearing loss, if any.

In some cases, the doctor may order additional tests, such as a tympanometry, which measures the movement of the eardrum in response to changes in air pressure. This test helps determine the size and location of the perforation.

Remember, this article is intended for informational purposes only and should not replace professional medical advice. If you suspect a central perforation of the tympanic membrane, seek medical attention promptly for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.