Congenital deformity of sternocleidomastoid muscle Save

Congenital Deformity of Sternocleidomastoid Muscle: An Overview

Congenital deformity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, also known as congenital muscular torticollis, is a condition that affects the neck muscles in newborns. It is characterized by the shortening and tightening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which leads to an abnormal positioning of the head.

The sternocleidomastoid muscle is a long muscle located on each side of the neck. It allows us to rotate and tilt our head. In infants with congenital muscular torticollis, one side of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is affected, causing the head to tilt towards the affected side and the chin to point towards the opposite side.

This condition is typically present at birth, although it may not be immediately noticeable. Parents may observe signs such as limited neck movement, a visibly tilted head, or a preference for looking in one direction. It is important to note that the exact cause of congenital muscular torticollis is still unknown.

While the precise mechanisms leading to this condition are unclear, certain risk factors have been identified. These include intrauterine crowding, abnormal positioning in the womb, or trauma during delivery. However, it is crucial to remember that not all infants with these risk factors will develop congenital muscular torticollis.

Diagnosing congenital muscular torticollis is typically done through a physical examination by a pediatrician or a specialist. The healthcare provider will assess the range of motion in the infant's neck and evaluate any visible signs of muscle tightness or asymmetry.

1. Physical therapy: The mainstay of treatment for congenital muscular torticollis is physical therapy. Through specific exercises and stretches, a physical therapist can help improve the range of motion in the affected neck muscle. Parents are often taught how to perform these exercises at home.
2. Observation: In some cases, the deformity may resolve on its own without any intervention. Regular follow-up visits with a healthcare provider are essential to monitor the infant's progress and ensure that the condition is not worsening.

It is important to note that this article provides a general overview of congenital deformity of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and should not be considered a substitute for professional medical advice. If you suspect that your child may have this condition, it is recommended to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.