Osteoarthritis of first carpometacarpal joint, unspecified Save

Osteoarthritis of First Carpometacarpal Joint, Unspecified: Causes, Symptoms, and Management

Osteoarthritis of the first carpometacarpal (CMC) joint, also known as thumb arthritis, is a common condition that affects the base of the thumb where it meets the wrist. This joint is crucial for thumb movement and allows us to perform a variety of activities, such as gripping, pinching, and grasping. When osteoarthritis affects the CMC joint, it can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced hand function.

Causes:

The exact cause of osteoarthritis in the first CMC joint is not fully understood. However, several factors may contribute to its development. Age is a significant risk factor, as the cartilage in our joints naturally wears down over time. Gender also plays a role, as women are more prone to developing this condition. Other contributing factors include previous thumb injuries, genetic predisposition, and repetitive thumb movements.

Symptoms:

The most common symptom of osteoarthritis in the first CMC joint is pain, which can be dull or sharp and may worsen with thumb movement. Swelling and tenderness around the base of the thumb are also common. As the condition progresses, individuals may experience decreased grip strength and difficulty performing daily tasks that require thumb usage, such as opening jars or turning keys.

Management:

1. Rest and Activity Modification: Taking breaks from activities that aggravate the symptoms and modifying certain movements can help reduce pain and further damage to the joint. Avoiding repetitive thumb motions and using assistive devices can be beneficial.
2. Splinting: Wearing a splint or brace can provide support to the thumb joint, reducing pain and promoting proper alignment. These devices are typically worn during activities or at night to minimize stress on the joint.
3. Hand Exercises: Specific exercises designed to strengthen the muscles around the thumb joint can improve stability and function. Physical or occupational therapists can guide individuals in performing these exercises correctly.
4. Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), may help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before taking any medication.
5. Heat and Cold Therapy: Applying heat or cold packs to the affected area can provide temporary pain relief and reduce swelling. Heat may help relax muscles and increase blood circulation, while cold therapy can numb the area and reduce inflammation.

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