Other common variable immunodeficiencies Save

Other Common Variable Immunodeficiencies

Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a group of disorders characterized by a weakened immune system. While CVID itself is well-known, there are other less common variable immunodeficiencies worth exploring. These conditions, though less prevalent, can still have a significant impact on an individual's immune system functionality.

1. Selective IgA Deficiency

Selective IgA deficiency is the most common form of primary immunodeficiency. Individuals with this condition have lower levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA) in their blood. IgA plays a crucial role in protecting the body's mucous membranes, such as those found in the respiratory and digestive tracts. As a result, people with selective IgA deficiency may experience more frequent and severe respiratory and gastrointestinal infections.

2. IgG Subclass Deficiency

IgG subclass deficiency refers to lower-than-normal levels of one or more subclasses of immunoglobulin G (IgG). IgG is responsible for fighting bacterial and viral infections. When specific subclasses are deficient, the immune system's ability to combat certain types of pathogens may be compromised. This can lead to an increased susceptibility to recurrent infections, particularly respiratory and sinus infections.

3. IgM Deficiency

IgM deficiency is characterized by low levels of immunoglobulin M (IgM). IgM is the first antibody produced by the immune system when encountering a new infection. Individuals with IgM deficiency may experience recurrent bacterial infections, particularly in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems.

4. Transient Hypogammaglobulinemia of Infancy (THI)

THI is a temporary condition where infants have low levels of immunoglobulins, particularly IgG. It usually resolves by the age of two, as the child's immune system matures. Although affected infants may be more susceptible to infections during this period, their immune system typically catches up with age, and the condition resolves spontaneously.

While these other common variable immunodeficiencies are not as widely recognized as CVID, they can still impact an individual's quality of life. Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for minimizing the risk of infections and improving overall health. If you suspect you or your child may have any immunodeficiency, consult with a healthcare professional for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate guidance.