Powassan virus disease Save

What is Powassan Virus Disease?

Powassan virus disease (POWV) is a rare tick-borne illness caused by the Powassan virus. The virus is spread by blacklegged ticks, also known as deer ticks. It can cause serious and sometimes fatal neurologic illness in humans. Symptoms typically begin within one to four weeks after an infected tick bite, and can include fever, headache, vomiting, weakness, confusion, seizures, and memory loss.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), most people infected with POWV do not develop any symptoms, while others may experience only mild symptoms. However, some people may develop a more severe and life-threatening form of the disease, which can lead to encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) and meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord). The symptoms of the severe form of POWV can include headache, fever, neck stiffness, confusion, loss of coordination, seizures, and speech difficulties.

The Powassan virus is found in areas of the United States and Canada where the blacklegged tick is commonly found. In the United States, it is primarily found in the Northeast and Great Lakes regions. Such states include Maine, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Massachusetts, New York, and Pennsylvania. In Canada, the virus is found in Ontario and Quebec.

POWV is rare, and the risk of infection is low. However, it is important to take steps to protect yourself and your family from tick bites. These steps include:

1. Use insect repellent that contains DEET when outdoors.
2. Avoid areas where ticks are known to live, such as wooded and brushy areas.
3. Wear long pants and long-sleeved shirts when outdoors.
4. Check for ticks on your body and clothes after being outdoors.
5. Bathe or shower as soon as possible after being outdoors.

If you experience any of the symptoms of POWV, it is important to seek medical attention immediately. Your doctor may be able to diagnose POWV based on your symptoms and your recent exposure to ticks. Diagnosis may also involve laboratory tests, such as a blood or cerebrospinal fluid test. Treatment for POWV may include supportive care, such as intravenous fluids and medications to reduce swelling in the brain.