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Central Corneal Ulcer: An Overview

Central corneal ulcer, also known as central corneal ulceration or simply corneal ulcer, refers to a painful condition that affects the cornea, the transparent front part of the eye. This type of ulcer occurs in the central portion of the cornea, leading to discomfort, vision disturbances, and possible complications if left untreated.

Causes of central corneal ulcers can vary, but they are commonly associated with infections, particularly bacterial, fungal, or viral infections. Other factors that can contribute to the development of a central corneal ulcer include trauma to the eye, dry eye syndrome, improper contact lens use, and certain underlying conditions like autoimmune diseases or vitamin A deficiency.

1. Symptoms: Central corneal ulcers often present with symptoms such as severe eye pain, redness, excessive tearing, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and the sensation of a foreign body in the eye.
2. Diagnosis: To diagnose a central corneal ulcer, an eye care professional will typically perform a comprehensive eye examination, including a detailed medical history, visual acuity tests, and a slit-lamp examination.
3. Risk Factors: Individuals who wear contact lenses, especially those who do not follow proper hygiene practices, are at an increased risk of developing central corneal ulcers. Additionally, people with weakened immune systems or those who live in unsanitary conditions may also be more susceptible.
4. Complications: If left untreated, central corneal ulcers can lead to severe complications, such as corneal scarring, vision loss, and even perforation of the cornea.
5. Prevention: To reduce the risk of central corneal ulcers, it is essential to practice good hygiene when handling contact lenses, avoid sharing eye makeup or personal eye care items, and promptly seek medical attention for any signs of eye infection or injury.

Central corneal ulcers require immediate medical attention to prevent further damage and preserve vision. The treatment usually involves prescription medications, such as topical antibiotics or antifungals, to combat the underlying infection. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.

If you suspect you have a central corneal ulcer, it is crucial to consult with an eye care professional promptly. Remember, early detection and appropriate treatment are key to preventing complications and ensuring a successful recovery.