Tuberculous Iridocyclitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

Tuberculous iridocyclitis is a rare form of ocular tuberculosis that affects the iris and ciliary body, leading to inflammation and discomfort in the eye. This condition is caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body, including the eyes.

Here are some important facts you should know about tuberculous iridocyclitis:

1. Causes: Tuberculous iridocyclitis is caused by the spread of tuberculosis bacteria from the lungs to the eyes. It occurs when a person with active lung tuberculosis coughs or sneezes, releasing tiny droplets containing the bacteria into the air. If these droplets are inhaled by another person, the bacteria can enter their body and potentially affect the eyes.
2. Symptoms: The symptoms of tuberculous iridocyclitis can vary but often include redness, pain, and sensitivity to light in the affected eye. Blurred vision, excessive tearing, and small pupil size are also common. In some cases, patients may experience systemic symptoms such as fever, weight loss, and fatigue.
3. Diagnosis: Diagnosing tuberculous iridocyclitis can be challenging as it often mimics other eye conditions. A thorough medical history, including a history of tuberculosis exposure or lung infection, is important. Additionally, an ophthalmologist may perform a comprehensive eye examination, including visual acuity tests, slit-lamp examination, and intraocular pressure measurement. Laboratory tests such as a tuberculin skin test or chest X-ray may also be conducted to confirm the diagnosis.

Tuberculous iridocyclitis can have serious implications if left untreated. It is crucial to seek medical attention as early as possible to prevent complications and ensure appropriate management. Treatment typically involves a combination of anti-tuberculosis medications, eye drops, and supportive care.

In conclusion, tuberculous iridocyclitis is a rare but important manifestation of ocular tuberculosis. Recognizing the causes, symptoms, and diagnostic methods for this condition is crucial to ensure timely treatment and prevent further complications. If you suspect you may have tuberculous iridocyclitis, consult an ophthalmologist for a proper evaluation and diagnosis.